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吸塑技術的首要原理是將布衣的塑料硬片或別的原料加熱使之變軟后，選用真空吸附于模具外表，冷卻后成型。吸塑技術在廣告標識職業使用范圍極廣，最常見的使用比方說制造亞克力燈箱、吸塑字等。這篇文章將要點介紹濟南標識制作流程中非常重要的吸塑原料、模具制造和成型出產等。
The first principle is the commoner plastic technology of plastic sheet or other material is heated to soften, using vacuum adsorption on mould surface, cooling after molding. Plastic technology in the use of advertising logo is extremely wide range of applications, the most common use such as the manufacture of acrylic light boxes, plastic, etc.. This article will introduce the Ji'nan logo production process is very important in plastic raw materials, mold manufacturing and molding production, etc..
一、吸塑資料介紹
First, the introduction of plastic materials
PVC片材是一種用處廣泛而深受期待的資料。PVC膠片能夠分為食品級及工業級兩種，且能夠制成通明、五顏六色、防靜電、鍍金、植絨等各式各樣片材用于真空成型。其特色首要是通明度高、外表光澤好、晶點少、水紋小、用處廣、耐沖擊性強、而且易于成型。
PVC sheet is a widely used and highly anticipated material. PVC film can be divided into food grade and industrial grade two, and can be made into bright, colorful, anti-static, gold-plated, flocking, such as a variety of sheet for vacuum forming. The primary characteristic is transparency, good gloss, appearance, crystal points less water, wide use, strong impact resistance, and easy molding.
PVC易熱合，可選用封口機和高頻機封邊，是出產通明吸塑制品的首要原料。PVC硬片耐性適中，不易焚燒；但焚燒時會產生氯氣，對環境會構成必定影響。
PVC easy to heat, can choose sealing machine and high frequency machine edge, is the main raw material for the production of transparent plastic products. PVC yingpian tolerance is moderate, is not easy to burn; but incineration will produce chlorine, the environment will affect the pose.
PP片材是PP樹脂經啤出、壓光、切邊等技術進程而制成，具有質輕、外表光亮安靜、耐熱性好、機械性強度高]化學穩定性優秀和電絕源性、無毒等特色。
PP sheet is PP resin by beer, calendering, cutting edge technology process and made the appearance of bright light, quiet, good heat resistance, mechanical strength and high chemical stability and excellent electrical], non-toxic and other characteristics of the vast source.
PP片材的首要特色：能夠100℃下長期使用并能飽嘗121℃的高溫菌處理，防潮功能杰出，清潔功能牢靠；具有優秀的折合功能等。
The primary characteristics of PP sheet: capable of handling high temperature bacteria under 100 DEG C for long-term use and can have 121 DEG C, moistureproof function is good, clean and reliable function; excellent folding function etc..
PP片材是近年發展起來的新式環保資料。
PP sheet is a new type of environmental protection material developed in recent years.
PP片材的首要特色：
Primary characteristics of PP sheet:
1、產生靜電低。2、易于真空怒放，且制品具有杰出的抗衛擊功能。3、具有杰出的清潔功能，乃至可直接與食品觸摸。4、易上色處理，可做成色彩各異的資料，出產成不一樣色彩的真空罩。5、硬度杰出，此種片材與平等厚度的其它片材對比其硬度較佳。6、契合環境保護請求，可回收再使用；焚燒其廢棄物時，不產生危害環境的有害物質。
1, low static electricity. 2, easy to vacuum in full bloom, and the product has a good anti strike function. 3, with good cleaning function, and even can be directly with the food touch. 4, easy to color processing, can be made of different colors of information, into a different color vacuum cover. 5, good hardness, this kind of sheet and the equal thickness of the other sheet compared to its hardness is better. 6, meet the requirements of environmental protection, recycling and reuse; incineration of waste, do not produce harmful substances harmful to the environment.
PET片材也是近年發展起來的新式資料。憑著其優秀的耐性、高強度、高通明性，以及可回收再使用性，焚燒不出產有害氣體的優秀環保功能，逐漸遭到消費者和出產者的極大青睞。
PET sheet is a new material developed in recent years. By virtue of its excellent patience, high intensity, high pass, as well as recycling and reuse, incineration does not produce harmful gas excellent environmental protection function, gradually by consumers and producers of great favor.

PET片材的首要特色：
Primary characteristics of PET sheet:
1、具有優秀的通明性與光潔度，展示作用好。
1, with excellent lighting and finish, showing good effect.
2、外表裝修功能優秀，可不經外表處理即可打??；易限制斑紋，易金屬處理（真空鍍金屬層）。
2, exterior decoration function is good, can be printed without the appearance of processing; easy to limit the markings, easy metal processing (vacuum plating metal layer).
3、具有杰出的力學強度。
3, with excellent mechanical strength.
4、對氧氣及水蒸汽的隔絕功能杰出。
4, oxygen and water vapor isolation function is outstanding.
5、耐化學功能好，可飽嘗多種化學物質的侵蝕。
5, good resistance to chemical erosion function, suffered a variety of chemical substances.
6、無毒，清潔功能牢靠。
6, non-toxic, clean and reliable function.
7、對環境保護的適應性好，可經濟而方便地回收使用。
7, good adaptability to environmental protection, economic and convenient recycling.
8、熱成型功能好，與通常PVC片材適當，可選用真空成型制得功能優秀的PET熱成型制品。
8, hot forming function is good, and usually PVC sheet is appropriate, can choose vacuum molding to make the function of the PET hot molding products.
二、吸塑模具制造
Two, plastic mold manufacturing
出產吸塑商品之前，依據客戶請求或樣品標準，首先要制造好吸塑模具。通常條件下，都是使用石膏制造吸塑模具，但也有用木雕及金屬雕琢的商品作模具。模具的制造周期通常3-5天。
Before the production of plastic products, according to customer request or sample standards, first of all to make good plastic mold. Under normal conditions, the use of gypsum to create plastic mold, but also useful for wood carving and metal products for the mold. Mold manufacturing cycle is usually 3-5 days.
其操作進程是：
Its operation process is:
1、先將什物手藝用泥糊出成型概括；
1, the first real mud paste molding technology summary;
2、放在吸塑打版機上做成泡殼毛胚；
2, put on the blister plate making machine made bubble shell embryo;
3、用配好的吸塑專用石膏倒入泡殼毛胚中，風干后構成石膏毛胚；
3, with a good plastic special gypsum poured into the bubble shell Mao Peizhong, dried up after the formation of gypsum embryo;
4、選用電動銑床對石膏毛胚的規矩開關進行深加工；
4, the use of electric milling machine on the rules of the hair of the embryo deep processing;
5、手藝打磨和手藝添加部件；
5, technology and technology to add parts;
6、將各個拋光好的石膏部件粘組成完好的石膏模；
6, each of the polished plaster parts of the composition of a good plaster mold;
7、再放入吸塑打版機吸塑成型完好的樣品；
7, and then into the Blister molding machine to form a good sample;
8、按制品尺度，手藝切邊、封邊，完結悉數打樣進程。
8, according to the product scale, cutting edge, edge, complete the proofing process.
石膏模具制造好后，先讓其天然枯燥或是烘干。然后依據商品外表凸凹具體情況，用1-2毫米鉆花在不影響商品包裝容貌的低凹處鉆許多小孔，以便吸塑出產時，能將空氣抽出。模具鉆好孔后，還得將石膏模具進行加硬處理。加硬處理辦法是用濃明礬飽滿液浸泡后曬干。
After the plaster mold is made, let it dry or dry naturally. Then on the basis of product appearance punch and the specific circumstances, drilling drill many holes in the valley does not affect the packaging appearance with 1-2 mm, for plastic production, air can be drawn. After the mold has been drilled well, it is necessary to add the plaster mold. The hard treatment method is to use the full thickness of alum soaked in water after drying.

不一樣原料模具之優缺陷對比：
Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of different raw materials:
選用石膏模，長處在于出產周期短，本錢最低，制造一整版（60×110cm）模具只需一到兩天時刻；不足之處在于吸塑制品外表粗糙，出產中模具簡單碎裂，耐用性差，無法成型深度大、復雜度高、片材厚的商品。
The cast, strength is the lowest cost, short production cycle, manufacturing a full page (60 x 110cm) mold just a day or two times; inadequacy of plastic products production in the mold rough appearance, simple fragmentation, poor durability, depth of not forming a large, high complexity, thick sheet goods.
選用電鍍銅模，其技術是將打好樣的泡殼外表噴上一層導電劑，再放入電解槽內鍍上厚厚的銅層；電鍍進程需求72小時。接著要對銅模進行灌石膏（添加硬度）、拋光、打氣眼處理。選用電鍍銅模出產的長處是吸塑制品外表光滑，本錢適中，耐用性適中。缺陷是模具制造周期長，無法完結精細吸塑制品的出產。
Selection of electroplating copper, its technology is blister appearance spraying a layer of conductive agent will make good, and then into the electrolytic tank with thick layer of copper plating process needs 72 hours. Then to mold filling gypsum (add hardness), polishing, air treatment. The electroplating copper produced strengths is plastic products smooth surface, moderate cost, moderate durability. Defect is the mold manufacturing cycle is long, can not end the production of fine plastic products.
選用吸塑鋁模，模具制造需求先用電腦規劃圖紙，再用CNC數控銑床加工。長處是制造周期適中，后期模具處理時刻短（鉆氣眼工作在CNC加工時完結），吸塑商品尺度精度高，模具耐用性強。缺陷是本錢高。
The use of plastic aluminum mold, mold manufacturing needs to use computer planning drawings, and then CNC CNC milling machine. Strength is the manufacturing cycle is moderate, post mold processing time is short (at the end of the CNC air drilling work processing), plastic commodity scale high precision mold durability. Defect is high cost.
因為全主動高速吸塑成型機的成型范圍是66×110cm左右，所以不管是石膏模、銅模仍是鋁模，都需求將單個的模具拼在一起，到達成型尺度，這個進程被稱為拼版式。需求拼在打好氣孔的鋁板或木板上，拼好后的整版模具被稱為底模。關于吸塑成型深度大的商品，還需求制造上模。在底模將片材真空吸成型的同時，從片材上方施加壓力，將片材均勻地年產值到每一個部位，不然會引起部分厚度過薄。
Because the forming range automatic high-speed plastic molding machine is about 66 * 110cm, so whether it is plaster mold, copper mold is aluminum mold, all demand for single mold together, to forming scale, this process is called the fight format. Fight the fight good hole needs aluminum or wood, sheet die after called bottom die. On the large depth of plastic molding products, but also the need to manufacture the mold. At the same time, when the bottom die is vacuum formed, the pressure is applied from the top of the sheet, and the annual output value of the sheet is evenly distributed to each part.
三、吸塑成型出產
Three, plastic molding production
模具徹底枯燥后，將模具裝入真空室上層鐵板上。然后依據模具巨細，將片材裁成適用標準尺度。接著將片材放入電爐烘箱內，使其徹底固定好再進行軟化處理。
Mold completely dry, the mold into the vacuum chamber on the upper plate. Then according to the size of the mold, the sheet is cut into the applicable standard scale. Then the sheet is placed in the electric oven to make it completely fixed and then softened.
將軟化處理好的片材趁熱再拉到吸塑模具上方；模具上移并抽真空，將軟化的片材吸附到模具外表；同時將冷卻水以霧狀噴于成型片材外表，使其硬化；成型的片材再主動被拉至貯料箱；氣動裁刀將成型與未成型片材別離，從而完結悉數進程。
The sheet softening good hot then pulled above the plastic mold; the mold move up and vacuum, the softened sheet adsorbed to the mold appearance; and the cooling water to spray the liquid on the sheet appearance, harden; molding of sheet material to be pulled to the active storage box; the gas will shape and not the sheet forming dynamic parting cutter, thus ending all process.
最終，將出產出來的商品進行修邊收拾即為制品商品。
In the end, the product will be produced to repair the edge of goods that is the product.
吸塑商品呈現的首要質量疑問大多在此進程發作：
The main quality of plastic products presented in the process of most of the attacks:
1、吸塑不到位，是指形狀變形，沒有吸塑成與模具一樣開關的商品；
1, plastic is not in place, refers to the shape of deformation, no plastic into the mold and the same as the switch goods;
2、吸塑過度，是指商品過??；
2, excessive plastic, refers to the goods too thin;
3、拉線，是指成型商品上呈現不該有的線痕；
3, cable, refers to the goods appear in some of the molding;
4、厚薄不均。
4, uneven thickness.
這些疑問都需求在上好模具后，調試到位片材前進和時刻、加熱的溫度和時刻、抽真空的強度和時刻、上模下落的方位、時刻和深度、拼版中模具的擺放方位、模具間是不是加附件等等。
These questions are good demand in the mold after debugging in place sheet forward and time, heating temperature and time, vacuum time, strength and mold on the whereabouts of the range, time and depth, making up in mold orientation, mould is not accessory and so on.

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